“Heroes came and went these days. When they were gone, it seemed they were gone forever.” (Olivia Manning, Friends and Heroes)

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Earlier this year Marcie and I decided to buddy read Olivia Manning’s Balkan trilogy, with The Great Fortune (1960) in June, The Spoilt City (1962) in August, and finishing with Friends and Heroes (1965) in October. I’ve just managed to get the final volume read in time!

At the start of the novel, Harriet Pringle has left behind war-torn Bucharest and made it to Athens. She is anxiously waiting for her husband Guy to join her:

“She glanced about her, bewildered by her safety, unable to believe in a city so becalmed in security and comfort. Her nerves reacted still to the confusion of their last months in Romania.”

Guy does manage to escape and reach her, but as his work arrangements with the British Council were for Cairo, he finds himself somewhat adrift, compounded by old adversaries Lush and Dubedat conspiring to keep their positions of minor power in education, and Guy well away from it all. For relentless extrovert Guy, this is challenging:

“Throwing himself into one occupation or another, he had managed to keep anxiety on the periphery of consciousness; now, without employment, without friends, without money, he was trying to follow his old escape pattern. But there was no route open to him.”

The faultlines always so apparent in the Pringles’ marriage start to become real cracks in Friends and Heroes. Harriet needs intimacy and to be prioritised, Guy is not uncaring but he is entirely unable to provide either of these things:

“He loved her, but his love must be taken for granted. If she put it to the proof according to her needs, she found herself sacrificed to what he saw as a more important need: his need to be free to do what he wanted to do.”

Guy is also not so generous that he values other people for their differences. Alan Frenwen is a sweet, socially awkward man, who loves Greece and his little dog Diocletian. Guy disregards him as he cannot provide the political echo chamber and admiration Guy needs. Instead, he has an intense friendship with the generally unpleasant Ben Phipps, because they can slap each other on the back regarding their shared communist beliefs.

Manning is very good at portraying unlikeable characters. Three books in and I’m still not especially keen on either Guy or Harriet, or their circle. Yet they are so recognisable and believable, young and out of their depth personally and politically.

“This was a world in which only the ignorant could be happy.”

Even my favourite character, Prince Yaki, remains thoroughly reprehensible, forever sponging off people. Except he has finally sold his Hispano-Suiza and so for once has money:

“In funds, he had no need of friends. When he could buy his own food, he ate well and ate alone.”

Terrible! Yet at times he is a good friend to Harriet, and I do find him irrepressible despite his constant proclamations of being “poor Yaki”.

We spend time with this community as they wait to see if Greece will be pulled into the war, wondering if they should leave, and if so, where to go. The tension builds as the situation worsens in world politics and in the Pringle’s marriage; the first leading to soldiers swamping the city and a handsome one named Charles Warden threatening the second.

I had a sense in Friends and Heroes of Manning really growing in accomplishment as a writer. The interweaving of the Pringles marriage portrait alongside vivid descriptions of Greece and the growing threat of invasion is finely balanced. The characterisation of well-established figures becomes more complex, and there are two scenes in particular of true sadness, highlighting the human destruction both physically and spiritually during war.

“Pale and unhappy, he returned to his books, wanting to hear no more. Harriet pitied his disillusionment, but had no patience with it. Reality was not to be altered by an inability to recognise fact.”

Friends and Heroes builds to a long, tense final chapter as the Pringles try and decide how severe threat to them is if they stay, and if they want to evacuate to Egypt how on earth they will even manage it. I thought it was brilliantly done and the Levant trilogy is absolutely on my 2027 reading list!

(I can see on Goodreads that some readers found the Balkan trilogy too long, which makes me think it is best to continue with spacing the books out a bit. Reading as Marcie suggested in alternate months meant I didn’t find them overlong at all. So now I just need to work out which months will be Levant months…)

“War was the time when mediocrities came to the top and better men must rot or die in the conflict.”

To end, of course Bowie, but I thought I’d be marginally less predictable and choose Seu Jorge’s version:

“Relationships of people are never established, are ever mutable, wavering like seaweed on a tide.” (Emma Smith, The Far Cry)

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After a slight disappointment previously with Death of Jezebel, I wanted a sure-fire winner to continue my 1949 Club reading. hosted by Kaggsy and Simon, and where better than a Persephone Book? Number 33 is The Far Cry by Emma Smith,  which I really enjoyed.

Teresa is a young teenager living with her unbending Aunt May. They constantly lock horns, while her father is an intermittent presence, and her mother… “Lilian was his second wife who, for 10 years, had pleased everyone by living in America.”

One day, Teresa and May are in usual domestic conflict, when everything changes:

“As this was plainly a lie, the fright increased. Teresa’s face appeared to go even thinner and Aunt May’s face to grow fatter, in the same way as the qualities of light and shade alter immediately before a thunderstorm. However, no storm broke as at that moment Teresa’s father arrived.”

Randall Digby, her father, has decided to take Teresa to India, where her half-sister Ruth is living in Assam with her tea-planter husband. Mr Digby is doing this to spite his ex-wife, who he believes is returning to England to take Teresa back. Teresa isn’t asked her preference regarding her living arrangements.

Smith isn’t afraid to make her characters unlikable: May is inflexible, Teresa is volatile and spiky, and Mr Digby is vain and self-indulgent. Yet the author shows compassion towards her characters:

“The tender gesture she needed from her father he was unable to give, having for too long expected tender gestures from others, and for too long been disappointed. It was difficult to imagine anyone loving Mr Digby: he was not lovable. Nor was Teresa.”

The two of them set sail from Southampton. Smith was part of a documentary team for the BBC who had gone to India a few years previously to take footage for the Tea Board (scripted by Laurie Lee!) She kept a diary which directly informed The Far Cry and there are many wonderful descriptions of the journey:

“On either side of the boat stretched miles and miles of sun coloured land, drier than raisins, not steaming, as green and earthy places steam, but nervously shimmering, as though the whole wide territory was on the move and might at any moment take off into space as easily as its sand, having no weight, shifts and sorts and piles itself when the desert winds blow. Now and then, growing close to the water, were date palms and tamarisk trees.”

Teresa and her father don’t become particularly close onboard the ship or subsequent train journey. Mr Digby finds Mr Littleton, a friend who will indulge his stories of his hard-done-by life, his unrecognised writerly genius. Again, Smith is more forgiving of her characters than I am and even I found the following passage truly affecting, despite my dislike of Mr Digby:

“Mr Digby was at heart an honest man, but his moments of lucid honesty were few and far between, and as he grew older he had contrived to space the more and more widely. They were, when they came, so devastating, they showed him such terrifying sights, such abysmal depths, such snows and glaciers ahead, such scorched earth behind, that he lost courage to face another day, and, but for his fear of dying, would have liked to cease upon that very midnight with as little pain as possible.”

When Teresa falls ill, she is cared for by Miss Spooner, a truly wonderful creation. Elderly and a spinster, Miss Spooner refuses to compromise to social niceties beyond politeness, but is always open to new experiences. Mr Digby dislikes her of course, because she doesn’t soothe his immense fragile ego. Although he tells himself his dislike is because:

“Miss Spooner had never justified her womanly organs by being the comforter and support of a man, or the maker and preserver of little children (little boys whom he hated, little girls who bored him—but it was the principle that counted).”

Ha! There are moments of humour like this in the novel, but although some critics, including Elizabeth Bowen, describe The Far Cry as a comedy, for me it wasn’t comedic. There is an awful lot of sadness, yet Teresa’s adolescent awkwardness and indignation stop it from being depressing.

When they arrive at their destination, the perspective shifts somewhat, from Teresa to her deeply unhappy sister and husband. I thought this description of beautiful, vacuous Ruth was blistering:

“Ruth revolved in a world of mirrors, for every person she met was her looking glass in front of which she arranged herself, blind to everything but her own image reflected in faces that were, on their own account, of no interest to her whatsoever.”

Her husband Edwin is loving but cannot make her happy:

“He looked about him and liked almost everything he saw. He was curious, as a child is curious, about everything, only unlike a child he seldom asked why. He drew no conclusions and made no pronouncements.”

And so in the latter part of the novel we follow this fractious and fractured family as they adjust to life together and Teresa falls in love with her new home. She adores India, feeling more strongly for it than she does for any of her relations. Smith gives her more insight into the people she lives with than anyone else has, but she is also too young to make any meaningful gestures towards intimacy.

While a 1949 portrait of India by a white British woman has undoubtedly dated, particularly in one character portrait, one surprising element of the novel for me was that I expected more racism. Mr Digby is racist, but this is portrayed as one of his myriad character-failings, there is no authorial endorsement. Edwin holds a strange mix of racist views and progressive attitudes around cultural appropriation. I was genuinely surprised, and if similar concerns were causing you to hesitate about picking this novel up, I hope this helps!

The Far Cry is a coming-of-age novel in the gentlest sense, although major life events happen for Teresa. We see her gradually grow and change, deepening her understanding of people and the world, but without huge epiphanies. She has to deal with tragedy along the way, and this is portrayed without sensation.

“There was no one to teach to them what they had to know to be peaceful: that they were their own experience. That they were equally everything and nothing. That they could only be everything when they were content to be nothing. That they carried this balance like air and water wherever they went, whatever they saw, whoever spoke to them, whatever happened.”

I tried to find the BBC footage that Emma Smith and her team may have shot, as BBC Archive has uploaded so many incredible old stories to YouTube. I couldn’t locate it but I did find this wonderful report from the Club year; the footage of ‘Blitzed acres’ around St Paul’s four years after the war is particularly striking:

“The English and their pageants! Nobody enjoyed them.” (Christianna Brand. Death of Jezebel)

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As with ECR Lorac, I was looking forward to picking up a Christianna Brand novel, having enjoyed the film adaptation of Green for Danger with Alistair Sim as her detective, Inspector Cockrill. Luckily, Death of Jezebel has been republished as a British Library Crime Classic, perfect for the 1949 Club hosted by Kaggsy and Simon.

I always enjoy a book with a map or a room plan, and the one in Death of Jezebel is somewhat unusual in that we get a stage plan, alongside a list of characters where we’re told the motive and the suspects from the off.

The story opens with a short prologue from 1940, where Johnny Wise sees his beloved Perpetua Kirk in a compromising position with caddish Earl Anderson, aided and abetted by Isabel Drew. Johnny drives his car into a wall and dies.

We’re then taken forward to after the war, where Isabel has not been softened by the tragedy; she is as mercenary as ever, and taking part in a pageant in Elysian Hall, playing a princess addressing knights from the top of a tower:

“So devout was her passion for good hard cash, she could almost find it in her heart to wish that—right at the end of the run, when she had squeezed all she could possibly get out of Sugar-Daddy Port and the Home for Heroes exhibition—the ladder might give way and break just one teeny, weenie, terribly painless little bone…”

Perpetua and Earl are now a couple and also in the pageant, as are others who knew Johnny from their time in Malaya (modern day Malay peninsula and Singapore).

“Perpetua gave them her pretty, mirthless smile. Brian Bryan turned away his head from his share of it. He thought: she’s absolutely empty; as empty as a seashell. It seemed impossible that Johnny had loved with his whole young heart this husk of a girl with her curved lips and unsmiling grey eyes. But he remembered Johnny’s letters. Damn her! he thought; and knew that it was not just an expression—that he really meant it: that he wished her soul in hell.”

As does Susan Betchley, a slightly older woman who had loved Johnny like a brother. The only one of the company not connected with Johnny is callow George Exmouth, who is in love with Perpetua.

When someone starts sending threatening notes to Isabel, Earl and Perpetua, Inspector Cockrill becomes involved, having known Perpetua as a child and having left Kent for a conference in London which he consistently fails to attend.

“Here he was in London and sitting on the edge of Perpetua Kirk’s divan bed, rolling a cigarette between his nicotined fingers, peering at her with his hard little, bright brown eyes – a shabby country sparrow, confined for a while to a narrow town garden and not liking it one bit.”

Cockrill is not as likable as when played by the affably charismatic Alistair Sim: he is grumpy, terse, constantly smoking… but still appealing and quite a believable older policeman of the time.

The title is a spoiler so I don’t think it’s any problem to reveal Isabel dies being thrown from the tower, in front of a full audience. Brand has a lot of fun with the total unreliability of so many witnesses:

“As to information, several ladies fainted while describing the horrible faces they had seen at the window of the tower immediately before Isabel fell, one old gentleman who lived on grass seemed convinced that if only Isabel had done the same all this might never have happened, a lady had had her handbag stolen and considered Elysian Hall a den of vice, murder, robbery, … and seventeen young men had heard shots ring out at varying times before Isabel had fallen…”

Enter Detective Charlesworth – he and Cockrill develop an adversarial partnership:

“‘The best disguise in the world – a suit of armour.’

‘Except a diving suit,’ said Charlesworth.

Inspector Cockrill looked cross. ‘In this case, the introduction of a diving suit would have struck a very outré note: I think we can eliminate any such suggestion.’”

Brand takes the trope of a locked-room mystery and has fun transferring it to a filled pageant stage:

“The scene of the murder was bounded on one side by a stage, under the observation of several thousand pairs of eyes; and on the other by a locked door, with somebody sitting on guard the other side of it. The murderer must have been within these confines. And the place is as bare as a biscuit box, so that there is nowhere where he can possibly have hidden, or remain hidden.”

So, there is a lot of inventiveness and humour, and an appealing if grumpy lead detective. I enjoyed enough of Death of Jezebel to post about it here, but like When the Wind Blows earlier in the week, I found it a little bit disappointing.

As Cockerill and Charlesworth investigate, we are presented with a series of possibilities about how the locked room element was pulled off, and several theories regarding the murderer, plus a series of confessions. A few misdirections and false theories are to be expected, but in the latter part of this book it became relentless. It was confusing and in the end I found myself not caring who had done it, so many possibilities having been explored. It would have really benefitted from about a twenty page edit.

There’s still plenty to recommend Death of Jezebel and I definitely wouldn’t want to put anyone off – Brand is a witty and accomplished writer and the characterisation very believable. Looking on Goodreads tells me readers generally think Green for Danger is better, so I’m looking forward to reading that soon!

“Stability was becoming rarer and rarer.” (Still Waters, ECR Lorac)

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After a slightly disappointing golden age mystery yesterday with When the Wind Blows, I’m back on track today with Still Waters by ECR Lorac. There’s a lot of love for this author in the blogosphere, and I’m delighted that the 1949 Club hosted by Simon and Kaggsy means that I have finally picked her up.

It opens with Caroline Bourne, an artist and writer, looking at a property in the Lake District to be closer to her cousin Kate Hoggett, and Kate’s husband Giles. These two made an appearance along with Lorac’s Inspector Macdonald in an earlier book, but I felt Still Waters worked fine as an entry Lorac novel. I just hope I forget the spoilers for The Theft of the Iron Dogs before I read it (I definitely will forget).

Caroline buys Broadgarth, a smallholding, and negotiates for adjoining woodland with a ruined cottage and a deep quarry pool. This is despite the auctioneer initially ignoring her bid, and although she elevates the price she’s immediately offered £100 more than she paid outside the auction. Already it seems something is afoot…

Yet Caroline is not so suspicious and starts planning her move and which land to work, which to let. Lorac clearly has a love of the Lakes and a knowledge of smallholding, and evokes her scenes beautifully, with just enough detail but not so much as to slow the story down.

The 1949 setting is apparent not only in the £2000 that it cost Caroline to buy all this property and land, but also in references to the post-war smuggling and contraband that is still thriving. Caroline’s cottage has been looted for timber, and people gift each other precious cigarettes. As Caroline teases the serious-minded Giles:

“I have been the instrument which prevented a possible black market malefactor settling in your midst, cornering your eggs and cockerels, bidding for your bacon, skimming your cream, poaching your trout and salmon…”

It’s chasing contraband that brings Inspector Macdonald from Scotland Yard back to Lunesdale. But he quickly finds himself bound up in another mystery. Caroline’s architect friend has been attacked by the quarry:

“He left the ruin and walked on to the quarry pool, and was surprised, as Caroline had been, by its size. It looked ominous, dark and dangerous, with its enclosing ridge of rock, the dripping trees, the rain-pocked water. Macdonald noted the treacherous slippery rocks, the steep fall from the ridge, the brambles and briars, the creak and whisper of swaying boughs and shivering leaves.”

And one of the local husbands is missing:

“Abandoned wives are quite numerous, and Giles knew it, but for a farmer in Lunesdale—or anywhere else for that matter—to leave his land and his cattle was absolutely unheard of. Everybody in the neighbourhood agreed on that point.”

Lorac gently ribs the sexism woven through so many attitudes, throughout the book. Caroline observes:

“I’m a single woman, and I’ve noticed that single women are regarded as less than the dust in these parts.”

Yet women in Still Waters are intelligent, capable, good farmers, witty… Lorac makes her point with the lightest touch.

“‘You are conservative to a degree which is inconsistent with both reason and experience, Giles,’ said Kate.

He smiled tolerantly, quite unoffended with his wife’s vigorous attack.”

There is plenty of humour in the novel, yet any violence is treated with utmost seriousness.

The mystery is well-paced with a believable denouement, and I whizzed through this in an enjoyable afternoon. My high expectations were fully met and I’m looking forward to reading more Lorac soon.

“We are looking for a murderer who can play the clarinet.” (Cyril Hare, When the Wind Blows)

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I really loved An English Murder by Cyril Hare when I read it the Christmas before last, so I was excited to pick up his novel When the Wind Blows for the 1949 Club this week, hosted by Kaggsy and Simon.

The story opens with barrister Francis Pettigrew in a self-congratulatory mood, having married a younger, affluent woman. But his music-loving wife Eleanor is no doting push-over:

“Pettigrew had, of course, taken a ticket for the concert; but it was not until the morning of the event that he learned that he was expected to attend the rehearsal as well. Eleanor broke the news to him at breakfast, while they were discussing the arrangements for the day.

“Mr. Dixon asked me at the party yesterday whether you could come,” she remarked. “You were busy talking to someone else at the time, but I told him that you would be delighted.”

“I wonder how you guessed,” said Pettigrew thoughtfully.

“Honestly,” Eleanor persisted, “it will be quite amusing, and I know you haven’t anything else to do.”

“To answer your second allegation first, I had promised myself a delightful day with the current Law Quarterly Review. There’s an article in it entitled ‘Prolegomena to Pufendorf’ that simply cries out to be read.”

Eleanor’s brilliant blue eyes expressed the liveliest sympathy.

“Do take the Quarterly with you to the rehearsal then, darling,” she said. “You needn’t listen if you don’t want to. Shall I fetch it for you? I think it’s still where you put it last month to prop up the leg of your dressing table.””

Eleanor is part of the local orchestral society and somehow Pettigrew has been drawn in too, with all their internal politics and tensions. There’s a brilliant scene of one of their meetings whereby the reader is introduced to the main characters: Mrs Bassett, obsessed with Debretts and, for reasons no-one really understands, also fairly fixated on the conductor Mr Evans; Mr Dixon whose wife is expecting their first baby, just as his inheritance comes in for a large estate; and Mr Ventry, a cad and a bounder.

At a party to welcome the guest of honour for the upcoming concert – violinist Lucy Carless and her husband – tensions run high. New first clarinettist Tadeuz Zbartorowski knew her before in a tangled history, and she also used to be married to Mr Dixon. Pettigrew is frustrated:

“He felt that he had been pitchforked into a business which he did not in the least understand and about which he really cared nothing, merely through yielding to a fatal impulse of good nature. Why had he ever allowed himself to be connected with the confounded Orchestral Society? Why had he consented to come to the rehearsal, instead of staying quietly at home, reading the Prolegomena to Pufendorf? He was feeling distinctly allergic to clarinets, and didn’t care two hoots whether Mendelssohn’s violin concerto was played with one of them or two, or none. What was more, he was morally certain that nobody in the audience would notice the difference.”

It doesn’t take much guesswork to decide that Lucy Carless’ days are numbered, and she’s found strangled with a silk stocking in her dressing room. Enter Inspector Trimble and Sargeant Tate…

It’s here that I started to enjoy When the Wind Blows less. The set-up is great, the characters well-established, and there’s plenty of humour. Hare was a judge, and very knowledgeable about music, and this shows too. The difficulty is, Pettigrew is his detective and he more or less disappears.

While Inspector Trimble stumbles, Chief Constable MacWilliam brings in Pettigrew, reputation established from previous crime-solving (this is Pettigrew’s third appearance, but I didn’t feel a lack of having not read the others.) We’re told that Pettigrew pretty quickly has the whole thing sewn up, but the explanation happens in a conversation the reader isn’t privy to. To work out motive and means, the reader needs to know mid-twentieth century law, David Copperfield, and the orchestral arrangement of Mendelssohn. I managed one out of three 😀

It’s a bit odd and unsatisfying but there’s still plenty to enjoy and I definitely wouldn’t want to put anyone off (there are plenty of enthusiastic reviews on Goodreads). The characters, readable style and humour carry it through. I particularly enjoyed a cameo appearance by Jenkinson, the clarinettist who was supposed to fill in but was sent on a wild goose chase to a neighbouring village and is distinctly unhappy about it:

“”To add insult to injury, the fellow suggested that I should, as he put it, ‘join the boys’ and take part in, and even add to, the hideous riot of cacophony which had by then broken out in another part of the building. After disabusing him of this idea, which was not easy, I set about looking for a conveyance to bring me here. There appeared to be no cars to be obtained in Didford Parva, and I was eventually reduced to waiting in a queue … for the local omnibus, which finally brought me to the door of this police-infested place. That is my story, sir, and if its recital has been as valuable as its experience was distressing, it should rank as the most important piece of evidence ever recorded. Have I your leave to go?””

So, a wee bit disappointing after the heights of An English Murder which is probably my favourite GA mystery so far. But I still enjoyed this and I’d be interested to read more Hare and meet Pettigrew again.

To end, for people around my age, When the Wind Blows will always mean one of the most harrowing viewing experiences of childhood:

“If you thought about the unthinkable long enough it became quite reasonable.” (Josephine Tey, Brat Farrar)

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This is my second post for the 1949 Club hosted by Simon and Kaggsy and I’m continuing with a theme of sinister men…

Not so long ago I read Miss Pym Disposes by Josephine Tey and now I’m returning to her once again for Brat Farrar. I’m beginning to realise that Tey doesn’t seem to do traditional golden age mysteries! In Brat Farrar we know that the titular character is pretending to be the heir to a family fortune. So the mystery isn’t whether he is Patrick Ashby, missing since age 13 after the death of his parents, but rather, will he get away with it? And as readers, do we want him to?

Aunt Bee raised Patrick’s twin Simon, their sisters Eleanor and twins Ruth and Jane, after their parents died in a plane crash. At the start of the book she is reflecting on Simon about to come of age and inherit:

“But always there had been an Ashby at Latchetts; and they had done well by the land. Here and there came a ne’er-do-well—like her cousin Walter—but Providence had seen to it that the worthless quality had been confined to younger sons, who could practise their waywardness on subjects remote from Latchetts.

No queens had come to Latchetts to dine; no cavaliers to hide. For three hundred years it had stood in its meadows very much as it stood now; a yeoman’s dwelling. And for nearly two of those three hundred years Ashbys had lived in it.”

She also considers the difference between Simon and his – presumed dead – brother.

“All she really remembered, now she thought about it, was that he was solemn and kind.

Kindness was not a common trait in small boys.

Simon had a careless generosity when it did not cost him inconvenience; but Patrick had had that inner kindness that not only gives but gives up.”

It’s eight years since Patrick vanished; struggling actor Alec Loding knows the family and thinks he has found a way to make some money. I really enjoyed how Tey introduced this reprehensible character:

“He had a pink, collapsed face that reminded one of the underside of fresh mushrooms. The flesh hung away from his good Ledingham bones with a discouraged slackness, and the incipient pouches under his eyes detracted from their undoubted intelligence. Managers who had once cast him for gay young rakes now offered him nothing but discredited roués.”

He has spotted Brat Farrar’s resemblance to Simon, and therefore Patrick, and has offered to coach him in return for a regular salary once Brat inherits. Brat isn’t sure, but he is struggling to find the work he wants. This is an interesting choice for the 1949 Club, because Brat’s circumstances are directly informed by the post-war situation:

“It seemed that there were far more people interested in stable jobs in England than stables to accommodate them. The horse world contracted as the horse lovers expanded. All those men who had lost their main interest in living when the cavalry was put down were still hale and active, and besieged stable entrances at the mere whiff of a vacancy.”

Tey loved horse racing, and there is a lot about it in this novel. I hate it, so I must admit I skipped these passages. But even if you don’t mind racing, you may want to skim – I think her editor should have been more assertive!

Brat heads to the country pile and manages to convince most people most of the time that he is Patrick. He’s helped by the ambiguity of Patrick’s note: “I’m sorry, but I can’t bear it any longer. Don’t be angry with me. Patrick.” and the fact that similarly to Patrick, he is a lot more likeable than Simon. People want him to be Patrick.

“He had an odd feeling of identity with Patrick.

Even he himself noticed this, and found it strange. He should have been filled with guilt when he considered Patrick. But his only emotion was one of partisanship; almost of alliance.”

He also doesn’t overly struggle with guilt as he takes a strong dislike to his supposed twin:

“It was because there was something about Simon Ashby that repelled him. There was something unaccountable about Simon. There he sat, being light-hearted and charming, and there sat his relations and friends silently applauding his nobility and his courage. They were applauding an “act,” but they would all be staggered to know what an act Simon was really putting on for their benefit.”

And so ultimately, Tey is exploring the moral challenges that Val McDermid mentioned in her discussion of Miss Pym Disposes. Brat Farrar is pleasant, responsible and would make a good heir to run the estate. Simon is none of those things. But he is the rightful heir, and Brat Farrar is a con man who is using an intensely painful experience in a family to his own advantage. Tey positions the reader in a way that we question what we want the outcome to be, and why.

There’s also some nice gentle humour to enjoy, lightening what is essentially quite a dark tale. My favourite characters were stubborn, scruffy, horse-obsessed little Jane, and the bookish, seemingly naïve Rector, who made a surprise marriage to a beautiful debutante, and is more worldly than people give him credit for:

“”I know,” Nancy said, agreeing. “Like walking on jelly.”

“I was going to say picking one’s way over a bog, but I think the jelly is a better description.”

“Or one of those uneven floors at fun fairs,” the Rector said unexpectedly, as Bee took her leave.

“How do you know about fun fairs, George?” his wife asked.

“They had one at the Westover Carnival a year or two ago, I seem to remember. A most interesting study in masochism.”

“You see now why I have stuck to George,” Nancy said, as she walked with Bee to the garden gate. “After thirteen years I am still finding out things about him. I wouldn’t have believed that he even knew what a fun fair was. Can you picture George lost in contemplation of the Giant Racer?””

Brat Farrar was adapted as Paranoiac in 1963 by Hammer films. From this trailer I would say it’s a very loose adaptation indeed 😀

“I was born in 1949, which seems like a long time ago… actually, it is a long time ago.” (Rick Wakeman)

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When Kaggsy and Simon announced the 1949 Club I went scurrying off to the TBR to see what I could find:

As it turns out, I missed one  – I also have The Far Cry by Emma Smith.  I’ve read some in preparation for the week and I’m hoping to read a few more throughout, although I won’t get to them all, so any suggestions gratefully received!

Knowing how highly JacquiWine rates A Wreath of Roses by Elizabeth Taylor, this was my first stop. I thought it was an absolute knock-out, and filled the short novel with page markers which I’ve tried to picture, but was impeded by Fred taking a great interest and headbutting my phone repeatedly, so this is the best I managed:

It opens:

“Afternoons seem unending on branch line stations in England in summer time. The spiked shelter prints an unmoving shadow on the platform, geraniums blaze, whitewashed stones assault the eye. Such trains as come only add to the air of fantasy, to the idea of the scene being symbolic, or encountered at one level while suggesting another even more alienating.”

And so I settled in, knowing I was in the hands of a masterful writer. On first reading I found it striking, now looking back on it I think it’s perfect. English summertime: so often memorialised, sentimentalised, filled with nostalgia for warm, temperate days… and immediately Taylor has identified spikes, shadows, assaults, alienation. It concisely and expertly introduces everything about A Wreath of Roses.

Camilla Hill is catching a train to spend her holiday with her schoolfriend Liz and Liz’s governess Frances, now a painter. On the way there she witnesses something shocking, and so she finds herself talking to the other witness, Richard Elton, a man she initially judged as too obviously good-looking and too young for her.

She also recognises that he is not entirely honest, as does Liz when she meets him:

“I thought he seemed to be acting. It was as if he had learnt the words by heart first. They seemed not to belong to him, nor to match the look in his eyes.”

Yet Camilla finds herself drawn towards him. Liz and Frances have both changed a lot since the previous year; Liz now has baby Harry and despite her protestations that “Marriage is such a sordid, morbid relationship!”, she and her husband Arthur, a vicar, reach renewed understanding. Frances is aloof, and is embracing “ferocity” in both her changing painterly style and her enormous bull mastiff dog Hotchkiss. But her arthritis is getting worse and she is fearful she will not paint for much longer:

“So intent was she on being a normal elderly woman, so much trouble did she take, that she would always rather be praised for her crab-apple jelly than her painting, for the first was a marvel in her, the other natural to her and inevitable.”

Camilla barely admits her sexual attraction to Richard, but it is there, as he manipulates her with dishonesty and dissembling. She scarcely believes his stories of wartime heroics, yet she is so desperate for change, romance and hope that she recognises her cognitive dissonance as she continues to seek him out.

“No man would understand what life is like for so many women. How can we take any of the things we want, that you expect to have—freedom, adventure, experience—without being taxed intolerably, or making ourselves ridiculous in other people’s eyes, or in our own?”

There is a constant sense of menace in A Wreath of Roses. Richard is clearly sinister and unpredictable, but there is anger in the domestic scenes too. The three women talk to each other quite brutally at times, even when they are not in disagreement. Camilla observes to Frances about Liz’s husband:  

“Arthur seems to have a genius for cutting himself up into little pieces. He hands himself round among the ladies as if he were a plate of scones.”

When Morland Beddoes arrives, he simultaneously provides some relief but also racks up the tension. He is a gentle, quiet, observant middle-aged man and an admirer of Frances’ work. It’s a masterstroke by Taylor, as Beddoes recognises Richard’s danger and brings both the power and the vulnerability of kindness to the situation. The story remains entirely believable as it becomes unbearable.

I absolutely loved A Wreath of Roses. Every sentence is carefully crafted, yet the novel still flows and never feels overwritten. Taylor’s descriptive powers for scenes and acute insights with people mean she is precise and perceptive, without being cold. I’ve not done justice to her brilliance at all, but I’m delighted to have made such a memorable start to the 1949 Club.

“There are great paintings which offer everybody, and then there are lesser pictures which will reflect the light only here and there, rather capriciously, to individuals. Life itself shifts round a little and what we had thought all whiteness, or all darkness, flushes suddenly, from this new angle, with violet and green and vermillion.”

“On the whole it seems to be English women who don’t marry.” (Barbara Pym, Less Than Angels)

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Earlier in this month of #SpinsterSeptember hosted by @pear-jelly, I read The Sweet Dove Died by Barbara Pym. I wanted to try and squeeze in another Pym before the end, and I really enjoyed reading Less Than Angels (1955), an earlier novel and more typical in tone, with its comic portraits of a group of anthropologists and their small dramas of daily life.

The novel opens with one spinster, Catherine Oliphant:

“she earned her living writing stories and articles for women’s magazines and had to draw her inspiration from everyday life, though life itself was sometimes too strong and raw and must be made palatable by fancy, as tough meat may be made tender by mincing.”

I wondered if that was a commentary by Pym on her own art? Who knows, but it was striking for its visceral imagery which felt untypical to me.

Meanwhile, Deirdre Swan is nineteen years old and living with her spinster aunt Rhoda and widowed mother Mabel.

“Deirdre was different, clever and moody, rather like she herself had been at the same age, before marriage to a good dull man and life in a suburb had steadied her.”

Deirdre is desperate for life to begin: to get away from the London suburb, to fall passionately in love rather than go on boring dates with suitably staid suitors. When she sees handsome young anthropologist Tom Mallow, she hopes there is opportunity for dramatic change. But Tom lives with Catherine…

“On the bus she wondered whether Tom had high principles, like Bernard. She was sure, somehow, that he had a delightful lack of them.”

In fairness to Deirdre’s suburb, it’s not entirely dull. Her neighbour is Alaric Lydgate, an anthropologist refusing to share his (likely useless) notes with Tom, closely observed by Mabel and Rhoda, confounding them by undertaking eccentric behaviour such as leaving rugs out on his lawn overnight.

Pym has a lot of fun exploring the department where Tom has returned after time overseas, where academics jostle for grants and wonder if they are spending time writing up interminable theses which will be forever unread.

She also draws parallels between daily life of women in post-war Britain and the more lauded anthropologists. Rhoda and Mabel are close observers of societal structure and ritual, and of a way of life that is disappearing rapidly. They just aren’t making a career from it. In fact, they feel guilty for not being serious-minded and instead borrowing novels from the library:

“And so it came about that, like many other well-meaning people, they worried not so much about the dreadful things themselves as about their own inability to worry about them.”

Tom, part of landed gentry, later wonders:

“When really, when one came to consider it, what could be more primitive than the rigid ceremonial of launching a debutante on the marriage market?”

We follow the department’s inhabitants for a time, their gentle professional and personal frustrations and triumphs. Less Than Angels is a quick read, expertly drawing the reader in to this small circle.

For Pym fans, there are references to other works here. Everard Bone and Mildred from Excellent Women are mentioned, and Catherine reflects:

“I’m not one of those excellent women, who can just go home and eat a boiled egg and make a cup of tea and be very splendid, she thought, but how useful it would be if I were! She thought wistfully of herself like this.”

To me this didn’t quite have the sparkle of that novel, or my favourite Pym so far, Quartet in Autumn. But there was still so much to enjoy here: the astute but compassionate characterisation, the close observation, the gentle humour. I’m so pleased to have got back to Pym throughout #SpinsterSeptember and it’s encouraged me not to leave it so long in future.

“What odd turns life does take! And how much more comfortable it sometimes was to observe it from a distance, to look down from an upper window, as it were, as the anthropologists did.”

“As a psychologist she began to suspect she was a very good teacher of French.” (Josephine Tey, Miss Pym Disposes)

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I dithered a bit about posting on Miss Pym Disposes by Josephine Tey (1946) as although I enjoyed it, I wasn’t really sure if I could recommend it onwards. It’s an unusual novel written by an established author of the era of golden age detectives, where the murder doesn’t take place until page 157 of 208. There’s also a lot of dated stereotyping and language so do bear that in mind if you decide to pick it up.

My edition is from what I think of as the golden age of soft-focus cheese from the Penguin art department, circa mid 1970s-1980s.

But it’s perfect for #SpinsterSeptember hosted by @pearjelly, set as it is in Leys Physical Training College for young ladies, where the teachers are single women, and with a titular character who is also a spinster. Lucy Pym initially works as a French teacher:

“But after four years of that her remaining parent had died, leaving her two hundred and fifty pounds a year, and Lucy had dried her eyes with one hand and given in her resignation with the other.

[…]

She read her first book on psychology out of curiosity, because it seemed to her an interesting sort of thing; and she read all the rest to see if they were just as silly. By the time she had read thirty-seven books on the subject, she had evolved ideas of her own on psychology; at variance, of course, with all thirty-seven volumes read to date. In fact, the thirty-seven volumes seemed to her so idiotic and made her so angry that she sat down there and then and wrote reams of refutal. Since one cannot talk about psychology in anything but jargon, there being no English for most of it, the reams of refutal read very learnedly indeed.”

I did enjoy Tey’s humour around Lucy leaving her job! Clearly she was highly sceptical of psychology though, which is quite surprising given that in many ways this is a psychological study. Much of the novel is spent building her cast of characters and the insular environment of the college.

“College was a bright gateway to the future for deserving youth; and if one or two found the gateway a hazard rather than an opening, then it was unfortunate but no reflection on the builders of the gateway.

“Like a convent,” Nash had said yesterday morning. “No time to think of an outside world.” That was true. She had watched a day’s routine go by. She had also seen the students’ two daily papers lying unopened in the common-room last night as they went in to supper. But a nunnery, if it was a narrow world, was also a placid one. Uncompetitive. Assured. There was nothing of the nunnery about this over-anxious, wildly strenuous life. Only the self-absorption was the same; the narrowness.”

Lucy is there because she was asked by old schoolfriend Henrietta to give a talk, and at first the 5.30am bell ringing and horrific institutional food means she plans to leave as soon as possible. But gradually she begins to enjoy herself, and decides to stay for the end of term gymnastic demo. She enjoys the company of the senior girls, including charismatic head girl Pamela ‘Beau’ Nash; her best friend, the accomplished but self-effacing Mary Innes; and Teresa Desterro who is there to study dance only and hone her considerable talent. There is also Barbara Rouse, who people are wary of although it’s not clear why, and is the favourite of the headmistress, also for reasons unclear.

“In the last few years [Lucy] had been ignored, envied, admired, kow-towed to, and cultivated; but warm, personal liking was something she had not had since the Lower Fourth said goodbye to her, with a home-made pen-wiper and a speech by Gladys Someone-or-other, shortly after her legacy. To stay in this atmosphere of youth, of liking, of warmth, she was willing to overlook for a space the bells, the beans, and the bathrooms.”

The girls are waiting to find out which jobs have been found for them by their headmistress, and there’s a shock when the plum job at “Arlinghurst. The school for girls, of course. A sort of female Eton.” goes to an unexpected candidate.

So, someone gets killed, and Lucy uses, I would say, one and a half pieces of flimsy evidence to work out who did it. But actually, I don’t think the puzzle element is of particular interest to Tey. There’s a great Backlisted podcast episode on this novel from back in 2021, with Val McDermid who is really enthusiastic about Miss Pym Disposes. She argues Tey is more interested in morality; the motivations of it and the conundrums around it, and I think she’s right. The reasons I find golden age detective novels a comfort read – a puzzle worked out neatly, justice and order restored – are not present here. The ending is really quite stark, and readers are unlikely to find the outcome reassuring although it is believable.

I do recommend Miss Pym Disposes, but surprisingly, not as one to be read when you’re in the mood for a golden age mystery!

To end, initially nothing sprung to mind for a suitable song, before I realised that because Teresa is Brazilian, I could include a legendary musician from that country, Caetano Veloso:

Blog Tour: The Butterfly House – Teresa Solana (2014, transl. Peter Bush 2025)

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Today I’m taking part in a blog tour for Corylus Books, a lovely indie publisher with a focus on translated crime fiction. I really enjoyed Black Storms, the first in Teresa Solana’s stories featuring Norma Forester of the Barcelona police, when I read it back in 2024, so I jumped at the chance to catch up with her – and her wonderful family! – again.

Here is the summary from Corylus Books:

“No money, no future – a motive for murder?

The economic crisis has hit Barcelona hard, and a personal crisis might be about to hit Deputy Inspector Norma Forrester’s family.

When a body is found in the grounds of a former grand villa, now a student squat, Norma finds the case uncomfortably close to home. The downturn has turned the city into a breeding ground for crime, or is the motive more personal? Unable to stay away, although this case may represent a conflict of interest, Norma can’t even count on the support of her forensic pathologist husband Octavi, who has more than enough to cope with following a major incident at the city’s Prat Airport. When a face from his past appears, he and Norma are faced with choices and conflicts – just as her focus should be on finding the killer.

With her trademark dark humour, Teresa Solana paints the portrait of a contradictory vibrant Barcelona, where nothing is ever black and white.”

At just over 200 pages The Butterfly House gets on with the story, doesn’t waste a word, isn’t overly convoluted and still manages believable characterisation. I really enjoyed it.

Norma’s daughter Violeta is still living in a squat, when her new maybe-boyfriend finds a woman’s body in the grounds. She calls her mother, despite the other squatters concerns. I found the particular history of the distrust of the Mossos d’Esquadra interesting, stemming from the time of Franco:

“quite the opposite of the caricature of the inept … force in Franco’s time. Deputy Inspector Carrasco was definitely an exception, but even with his coarse manners, he didn’t harbour the slightest sympathy for the dictatorship. Educated by the clergy, he oozed a deep hatred for anything smelling of sacristies, and, given the choice, he preferred the company of petty criminals”

Carrasco is supposed to lead the investigation due to Norma’s personal involvement, and you can practically smell him off the page:

“The moment she opened the car door, Norma had the dubious honour of verifying the urban myth according to which Deputy Inspector Carrasco’s vehicle was a mobile laboratory of biological warfare. Inside the policeman’s car were all kinds of organic material in various stages of decomposition, from crumbs and bags of mouldy food to mutant insects, ash, fag-ends, tins and empty bottles, dirty, screwed-up paper, filthy clothes, sand, dust and an alarming amount of unclassifiable objects”

But of course Norma isn’t staying away, and she finds present day socio-political forces exerting their power too. Not even the area around Sagrada Família with all its tourist money can escape:

“Before going into the premises, they took a look around the area and saw that many businesses had closed, with signs advertising that their premises were up for rent or leasing. On that side of the street alone they also counted six balconies with boards advertising flats for sale or rent.

‘Soon or later, this is all going down the pan,’ said Norma, shaking her head.

‘I thought it already had. Do you think things can get any worse?’

‘People’s patience has its limits. Never forget that despair can be a powerful lever.’”

Yet at the same time Norma and her team wonder how much money can be a motivator when everyone is in the same corrupt, broken boat:

“‘But it doesn’t really make much sense. The whole country is in debt and everybody owes someone money,’ said Norma. ‘People aren’t killing to avoid paying debts on money that was almost certainly dirty.’”

As Norma investigates, the reader is aware of more going on with her family than she is. I was concerned that my favourite characters from the first book weren’t going to make an appearance, but her mother Mimí arrives in one of the novel’s funniest scenes, with the incomparable Aunt Margarida not far behind:

“For a moment Norma imagined the expression on her colleague’s face if she’d told him her own private hacker was a nun in an enclosed order who lived in Pedralbes, and who, coincidentally, was a relative of hers.”

The story balances humour alongside the seriousness of the investigation perfectly. The pace is rapid but not overwhelming and I whizzed through The Butterfly House. As previously, I loved the characterisation of Norma’s family, and her colleagues were well-realised too. I’m so grateful to Corylus Books for translating this entertaining, astute series.

“‘For the moment the husband hasn’t asked for a lawyer. That’s a good sign,’ remarked Norma as they left the interview room.

‘Maybe, or perhaps he just doesn’t watch much telly,’ hissed the deputy inspector.”

Here are the stops from the rest of the tour, so do check out how other bloggers got on with The Butterfly House: